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Bladder Problems After Back Surgery? Here’s What Patients Should Know and Do

Sometimes after back surgery, people may notice changes in their ability to control urine. This can happen if the nerves in the lower back that help the bladder work are disturbed. Doctors call this Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS), which means pain or nerve symptoms continue even after surgery.

Why does this happen?

Nerve involvement: The nerves in your lower back also control the bladder. If they are injured, compressed, or irritated during or after surgery, bladder control can be affected.

Communication issues: The brain may not send or receive the right signals to your bladder after surgery.

Cauda Equina Syndrome: In rare but serious cases, nerves at the bottom of the spine get badly squeezed, causing sudden bladder or bowel problems. This is a medical emergency.

How common is it?

Studies show that bladder problems like urgency, leakage, or difficulty passing urine can affect about 4 out of 10 people after certain spine surgeries. The risk is higher when surgery is done in the lower back.

What symptoms should you watch for?

👉 Leakage or loss of bladder control

👉 Trouble starting urine or sudden strong urge

👉 Not feeling urine pass as usual

👉 Complete blockage (unable to urinate)

👉 Sudden numbness in the inner thighs or around the genitals

👉 Severe back pain with the above symptoms (seek emergency help immediately)

Can it be managed?

Yes. Treatments may include:

✅️ Pelvic floor exercises and physiotherapy

✅️ Lifestyle changes (diet, fluid timing, weight management)

✅️ Medications to relax or strengthen bladder control

✅️ Scheduled bathroom visits

✅️ In some cases, additional surgery for nerve stimulation maybe required.

Remember 

Bladder problems after back surgery can be worrying, but you are not alone. With the right medical care and early attention, many people improve. If symptoms appear suddenly with pain or numbness, treat it as an emergency and seek immediate help.

At We Care 4 ‘all’, we guide patients with expert advice by connecting them to our ethical specialist, and help them find safe and affordable treatment options without delay.

Back surgery can sometimes bring unexpected challenges like incontinence — but treatments don’t stop there. When medicines and therapies fail, advanced surgical options can restore bladder control.

Make sure to catch the next chapter of our Incontinence Series:

Part 5: Sacral Nerve Stimulation – An advanced Option to Regain Bladder Control (coming soon).

New here? Catch up on the earlier parts first:

Part 1: Why Adult Diaper Use Is Rising 

Part 2: From Global Trends to Personal Triggers 

Part 3: The Hidden Obesity Links Behind Incontinence

Every post connects to the next — don’t miss a step along the way.

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Location: Kanchi Colony, K 31 & 15, S Boag Rd, Anna Colony, T. Nagar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600017, India

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